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Archive for Social Norms

Ad Week recently reported that in response to pressure the Interagency Working Group on Food Marketed to Children is considering making changes to their proposed voluntary guidelines for food marketers targeting children. The controversy over the regulation is indicative of our increasing concern as a society over both childhood obesity and the effect advertising might have on that problem. In a nutshell, the plan proposed that marketers either change the formulation of certain products aimed at children to make the foods more healthy or cease marketing those products to children. While the proposal has a number of Senate Democrat supporters, it has generated strong criticism for being too heavy-handed (despite being completely voluntary) from both the advertising industry and GOP congressmen. While the goal of reducing childhood obesity is laudable, those in favor of increased regulation of advertising need to realize that, in this case, regulation of advertising may not achieve the desired effect.

At first glance it may seem like regulation is the way to go. While children aren’t making most of the final purchase decisions, they do play a strong role in influencing their parents’ decisions which is part of the rationale for marketing to children. Yet because children aren’t fully developed mentally, they may be more prone to impulsive behavior and less capable of making rational decisions, making them more likely to be misled by advertising. As childhood obesity is now widely recognized as a major social problem it therefore might seem like a no-brainer to push the kind of regulation the Interagency Working Group is proposing.

However in this case regulating marketing efforts may not be the best way to go about achieving the ultimate goal of promoting healthy eating during childhood. Faced with the prospect of the stick rather than the carrot, advertisers may simply find ways around the regulation while technically remaining in compliance. In fact this might already be happening to some extent. An earlier piece by Ad Week mentions a report by the Rudd Center noting that while advertisements for junk-food aimed at children are down, children’s exposure to junk-food product placement is up.

For their part, advertisers need to realize that concern over childhood obesity and worries that marketing efforts are exacerbating the problem aren’t going away. Rather than continually taking defensive action against this kind of regulation they need to consider the benefits of developing and advertising healthy products that kids actually like. Easier said than done, but considering the influence children have on family purchases how much easier would it be to increase sales if the foods they wanted didn’t cause parents concern?

Ad Week: Feds May Soften Controversial Food Marketing Guidelines

Ad Week: Study: Industry’s Found Sneaky Way to Keep Advertising Junk Food to Kids

Interagency Working Group on Food Marketed to Children’s Guidelines

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Sep
16

If You Let Me Play

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This ad from Nike is fairly old (1995) but still an excellent example of how to sell a product while keeping in mind a socially responsible agenda. Although its arguable that you’re more likely today to see ads for sports products that show women in a positive light, many ads still follow the same tired format of associating sports superstars with products or showing gym addicts striving in their quest for the (impossibly) perfect body. The ad below however, presents a strong argument against the stereotype that ‘sports are for boys’.

 

 

This TV spot by Wieden+Kennedy however, simply presents factual real-world benefits associated with young girls playing sports, such as reduced risk of breast cancer or increased likelihood of leaving an abusive partner. The strong, simple message is proof that you can effectively sell products for women without resorting to gender stereotyping or exploiting body image fears.

By talking to parents about the benefits of girls’ participation in sports, the company is pushing a positive social agenda and effectively selling their product at the same time. From a practical standpoint, presenting sports as a way of empowering girls is a great way to achieve that all important relevance between the company and the cause, since research has indicated that with cause related advertising the better the fit between the company and the cause, the more effective it is likely to be with the consumer. Rather than simply tack on an unrelated social concern in a transparent attempt to boost sales, Nike has addressed a social issue directly related to their core business in a positive way while also effectively advertising their company. By attacking the stereotype that girls shouldn’t play sports, Nike is helping girls and themselves. After all more girls playing sports means better health and self esteem for those girls and an increased market for Nike.

Although there have of course been problems over the years with Nike’s treatment of labor, with all the exploitative advertising out there, it’s still nice to see something like this as a reminder that selling a product and promoting a positive social change aren’t mutually exclusive.

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Public Service Announcements. We have been seeing them for decades and many of them have famously educated us on important information about safety, health and societal concerns: if you lock your doors at night you’ll take a bite out of crime; Mr. Yuck means poison; by ten o’clock at night you should know where your children are; this is your brain on drugs… and it’s fried.

However, a new trend seems to be emerging in the PSA genre. Gone are the days of Smokey-the-Bear-type “safety mascots” and crying Native Americans on the side of littered highways. Instead, these somewhat conscientious and prudent methods of distributing information to the public seem to be taking a backseat to more realistic, graphic, no holds barred approaches. The previous appeal to subtlety and implied undesirable consequences has dissipated. And now, more than ever, it has become acceptable to portray violent behavior and physical trauma as a suitable means to drive home a point.

As one might expect, some of these more gritty Public Service Announcements have garnered media attention for their arguably flagrant use of violence. One such television spot that made waves in the social media community and graced the headlines of CNN, FOX News and TODAY was a PSA released in 2009 titled “COW – The Film That Will Stop You Texting and Driving.” Produced by the police department of Gwent, Wales, the short film realistically depicts an intense traffic collision, graphic injury to children, and death.  Yet another was a PSA for Women’s Aid called “Cut Movie” where actress Keira Knightly was shown being brutally beaten to spread awareness of domestic violence against women.  (The PSAs can be viewed through these links. WARNING: graphic images of violence and abuse. Please view at your own discretion.

So, herein lies the problem. Is it ethical feed into the media machine of realistic violence on television just to reach the public? Have the values and behaviors of society been altered to the point where a PSA requires tragedy and gore to obtain the attention necessary to educate? Or is it just easy?

Despite the appearance that shocking images and scare tactics are the new standard for disseminating public awareness, a PSA released by the Sussex Safer Road Partnership in early 2010 has done much to combat that notion. The announcement, titled “Embrace Life” tackles the serious issue of seatbelt safety. Interestingly enough, though, the ad is not filmed in a car, but rather at a child-sized table and chair in a living room. This setting gives the spot elements of whimsy and abstraction, but when the message is delivered, it is received powerfully and clearly.

The “Embrace Life” campaign assumes a component of responsibility lacking in the aforementioned graphic ads. It does not alienate a part of the market by being potentially disturbing for children to view, or too intense for people who abhor violence. Nor does it make the viewer want to tune out, which researcher are discovering is happening in ads using scare tactics. Recent studies suggest violent PSA are not effective and even counterproductive because they cause some viewers to take on feelings of defensiveness instead of receptiveness. While other ads are throwing physical pain, personal anguish and damnation in the face of the viewer, the “Embrace Life” PSA influences the greater public by suggesting that loved-ones care. They want you to be safe and will suffer if you are gone, which is much more impactful and positively received.

Overall, it is refreshing to know that responsible advertising can still carry some clout in regards to information dissemination. And, with this emerging information about the potential damage and ineffectiveness of fear-centric “shockvertising,” it is a wonder if advertisers will regress and pursue a different, more appropriate creative avenue. Or will they continue their current path of trauma as means of reinforcement because society claims it’s necessary in order to make a lasting impression? All I know is, we’ve come a long way from Vince and Larry the crash test dummies, folks.

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Low-involvement, consumer goods brands face the challenge of differentiating themselves in product categories that are sufficiently saturated with very similar products, such as the beer industry. Dos Equis, in 2007, launched an advertising campaign centered on a fictional character, The Most Interesting Man in the World, whom they portrayed in television advertisements accomplishing outlandish feats and seeking adventures around the world. This ad campaign plays on the trickle-down effect as Dos Equis seems to assume that consumers of lower economic classes than the Most Interesting Man in the World will seek to emulate his behavior, and in this case, drink Dos Equis beer. Generally speaking, American consumers strive to better themselves economically by working hard enough so that they may achieve financial success. Thus, those in the elite are admired for their success, or envied for their inherited wealth; either way, those in the middle or lower classes tend to look up to the elite, and try to imitate their behavior. So, Dos Equis is using this wealthy and adventurous character to persuade consumers that although they aren’t as interesting as he is, they can be one step closer to being The Most Interesting Man in the World by drinking Dos Equis beer. The brand positions its beer as an affordable luxury; while the Most Interesting Man in the World enjoys the finer things in life like exotic vacations, he also drinks Dos Equis. If the average Joe can buy a six-pack of Dos Equis for $7.99 (at your nearest BevMo) and feel like the Most Interesting Man in the World while drinking one, why wouldn’t he?

Dos Equis, in creating such a worldly and accomplished man to recommend their beer, also takes advantage of the fact that consumers value the opinions of those whom they perceive as experienced. His age, estimated in the fifties or sixties, also adds to this image of a knowledgeable man. By incorporating characteristics that consumers value into the character of The Most Interesting Man, Dos Equis makes his recommendation of drinking their beer very persuasive.

At the same time, they use humor by going to such great lengths to portray him as “interesting” with absurd traits or hobbies that the viewer cannot help but laugh. These commercials entertain, and some viewers even look forward to seeing a new one, to see what his next ridiculous talent will be.

The institution of advertising as a whole is expected to be socially responsible by informing the consumer, rather than manipulating the consumer into buying products they don’t actually need. Alcohol advertising is held to even greater accountability with regards to sensitive social issues like drinking and driving and underage drinking. Though these topics are never directly addressed in these commercials, one could argue that Dos Equis is being socially responsible in the way that it frames the act of drinking beer: a leisurely activity which adults (twenty-one or older) engage in occasionally after a long day of work, or in the case of The Most Interesting Man in the World, worldly activities. The Most Interesting Man is not shown guzzling multiple Dos Equis before “curing narcolepsy” or while chest-pressing two women in chairs; rather, when the mood strikes for a refreshing bottle of beer, after a day of exotic adventures, the Most Interesting Man reaches for a Dos Equis. His now infamous tag line “I don’t always drink beer. But when I do, I prefer Dos Equis,” clearly does not encourage binge drinking or other socially irresponsible activities involving beer. This almost serves as a reminder to the consumer that excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages is very rarely perceived as a classy act. A Dos Equis, as portrayed in the commercials, serves as a final note to the day, not a start of a rowdy night.

There are opponents to this campaign, some of whom argue that the commercials are not believable, specifically in the fact that a wealthy man like the Most Interesting Man in the World would drink a Dos Equis. He is portrayed as a man who can afford many luxuries, so the question some critics ask is why would he settle for a Dos Equis? This all depends on taste, for these critics clearly do not like the taste of Dos Equis, so cannot buy into the idea that such a worldly and rich man would enjoy this specific beer. Others question why an older man was used as the main character of beer commercials, which are generally targeting college-age young men.

However, most consumers enjoy the entertainment aspect of these commercials, and those of age to consume alcohol might say, “If the Most Interesting Man in the World drinks Dos Equis, why wouldn’t I?” Class is the ultimate persuader in this ad campaign, as Dos Equis creates this character of the Most Interesting Man in the World who possesses both money and worldly knowledge. This has such an impact on the consumer because these are two qualities which most Americans strive to accumulate a wealth of over the course of their lifetimes. The commercials thus position The Most Interesting Man in the World as someone who most consumers will respect and therefore value the opinion of. The sarcastic nature of the ads simply adds to the positive associations consumers will create in their minds toward Dos Equis beer for although we strive for perfection, we do so knowing that perfection is impossible. So by making the accomplishments of The Most Interesting Man in the World so wildly impossible to believe, Dos Equis takes advantage of this tension within consumers of craving perfection while knowing it cannot be achieved. This ad campaign influences consumers to consider Dos Equis when purchasing beer, and influences the beer industry in creating an ad campaign that stands out from the rest in using such a classy and respectable character to persuade consumers.

This campaign could influence the greater society in the interpretation of The Most Interesting Man in the World’s sign-off “Stay thirsty, my friends.” This could have multiple implications, but the most plausible would be that it encourages consumers to “stay thirsty,” keep drinking, Dos Equis beer. This affects society in its promotion of alcohol consumption, and the side-effects or fatal accidents which occur when consumers do not drink responsibly, but is a relatively moderate statement due to its abstract or vague nature and the many different possible interpretations one could make of it. However, in conjunction with all other advertisements for beer, this could lead to an all too positive perception of beer by consumers; while beer is not a harmful substance by any means, irresponsible consumption thereof has caused an obscene amount of injuries and fatalities. This explains why alcohol advertising in general is a very tricky business in walking the line between promoting its products as superior to competitors while not condoning irresponsible behavior, which both public and private institutions make sure to monitor.

A compilation of the Most Interesting Man in the World commercials:

Link to YouTube

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Mar
05

Virtuous Then, Virtuous Now?

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1969 IHOP commercial

I came upon this 1969 IHOP commercial and thought I would post it.  While on the subject of virtuous advertising, this commercial seems to embody traditional family values, happiness and innocence (i.e. the balloons??) and seems to attempt to position IHOP as a place where you can go to enjoy the simple pleasures of life.  I know that advertising was MUCH different in the 60′s then it is now but its important to note that what is considered acceptable advertising now days would be considered pornographic, crude and downright inappropriate by many consumers of the 1960′s.  Although virtuous advertising is important I thought that this IHOP ad was sort of funny because, though virtuous, its downright unsophisticated and seemingly random.  I am a firm believer in virtuous advertising but this ad makes me wonder if advertising has gotten more racy because our society as a whole is just more racy then they were back then.  Does advertising follow the standards of society or set them?  Sort of a nature vs. nurture question but in my opinion it is a bit of both.

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Categories : Social Norms
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From the Good News newsletter of the Foundation for a Better Life…

It is Random Acts of Kindness™ Week
Feb 15-21, 2010

This week is the 15th annual Random Acts of Kindness™ Week! What will you do to spread Kindness?! Need ideas? Perhaps you could bake cookies for a neighbor, pay the toll for the vehicle behind you, send a card “just because,” or hold the door open for someone. To see more ideas or to share your own, check out our sister foundation, The Random Acts of Kindness™ Foundation, or their page on Facebook.

As demonstrated through the seminal Liberty Mutual ad… commit to an act of kindness today and see how long you can keep it up! You may inspire someone else or kindness may just become a lifelong habit :lol:

You can make a difference today!


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Dec
04

“Today’s the Day” at JCPenney

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This is an example of using advertising as an effective sales tool while not being too in your face. JCPenney shows their wide range of products without reverting to the cliche “car salesman” technique.

The simple concept of having an item for every room in your house is combined with promoting family values and reminding consumers to stop and appreciate the little things in life. The simplicity of the spot is beautiful and the lack of a voiceover is a welcome change from the usual commercial.

It also uses vignettes from everyday life that the target market can relate to and see themselves in. Using this technique of self-referencing creates an affective involvement with the consumer and helps them to remember the brand.

The virtuous aspect of this ad comes into play with the potential impact it could have on society and family “norms.” This is a great example of how advertising can “mold” society in a positive way. By promoting family togetherness and a general sense of love, this commercial projects a slice of reality that should be more celebrated.

Since it’s the holiday season, maybe this spot will convince you to consider JCPenney’s for your holiday needs. And don’t forget, “Today’s the day” to start living your life, because “Everyday matters.”

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Dec
01

Coke Recycles

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In the recent years, Coca Cola has been pushing its recycling program. As one of the biggest beverage companies in the world, Coke sells millions of plastic bottles every year. Coke has recently released this ad where they highlight their recycling efforts. As many people may remember from the Sustainability Fair in the fall, Coke is going to great lengths to inform consumers of the company’s recycling efforts.

This message portrays many instances of consumer acquisition, use, and disposition of Coke products.  It is able to appeal to consumers’ environmental values of preserving resources. By showing how every person that drinks a Coke product contributes to the company’s recycling efforts, Coke is able to address the perceived consumer effectiveness. This is also a very relevant message to consumers with the big cultural push of sustainability. With Coke showing how individual consumers can have a virtually effortless effect on sustainability through how they choose to dispose of Coke products, the company is able to portray a favorable brand image and company reputation to its thousands of consumers.

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Goodwill Levis Care Tag

I just came across an article from MediaPost this afternoon and thought it was perfect for the AdVirtues website. Read the article here: http://www.mediapost.com/publications/?fa=Articles.showArticle&art_aid=116645

This is a new partnership effort between Goodwill and Levi Strauss to encourage consumers to donate their used clothing, rather than throwing it away. BBDO West conceived this idea (as part of their pro bono work for Goodwill). Beginning in 2010, Levi’s will include a this socially responsible message on their product “care tags” (see sample above).

I think it’s a simple idea and excellent effort to persuade consumers to be both less wasteful and more selfless with their consumption. But this does raise some questions: will it work? Will consumers really pay attention to the care tag in their clothing? Will it be sufficient motivation for them to change their pattern of behavior? I think a lot of that will depend on the strength of the viral marketing effort to get the word out. Notions of “social responsibility” and “sustainability” are trendy and much-hyped lately. Ultimately, I hope consumers will heed the “care tags” so that their behavior is consistent with their “talk”.

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Oct
21

The Children ARE Watching

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I saw this ad in church while listening to a sermon on parenting. I am still watching my behavior… 

Where are these ads in the US and why is the US government not more active in promoting social values?

Advertising done well makes poeple think, change their attitudes, and can ultimately affect behavior. What did you show a child today?

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